A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930 Byrd, Harry F., Records of Virginia Governor 22561a

A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930

A Collection in
the Library of Virginia
Accession Number 22561a


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Library of Virginia

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© 2015 By The Library of Virginia. All Rights Reserved.

Processed by: Renee M. Savits

Repository
The Library of Virginia
Accession Number
22561a
Title
A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930
Extent
53.3 cu. ft. (143 boxes)
Creator
Byrd, Harry Flood, Records of Virginia Governor
Language
English

Administrative Information

Access Restrictions

There are no restrictions.

Use Restrictions

There are no restrictions.

Preferred Citation

Virginia. Governor (1926-1930 : Byrd). Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930. Accession 22561a, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.

Acquisition Information

Accession 22561a transferred 8 October 1946, from the Office of the Secretary of State, The Capitol, Richmond, Virginia. Accession 29523 transferred 16 June 1977, from Governor Mills E. Goodwin, Jr., Governor's Office, The Capitol, Richmond, Virginia [Letter from Nancy Astor to Governor Byrd, 13 December 1926, was interfiled with Accession 22561a].

Biographical Information

Harry F. Byrd, Sr., was born in Martinsburg, West Virginia, on 10 June 1877, the eldest son of Richard Evelyn Byrd (1860-1925) and Eleanor Bolling Flood Byrd, of Winchester, Virginia. Byrd was the most powerful political leader in twentieth century Virginia. He served as governor from 1926 to 1930 and as a United State senator from 1933 to 1965. Byrd's political organization and pay as you go philosophy kepy taxes and public spending low in order to make Virginia attractive to business and industrial investors, but as a consequence road construction and support for public education and public health programs remained below national standards. For three decades Byrd's political allies dominated politics in the state. The Byrd organization collapsed following his death and the disastrous attempt by means of Massive Resistance to obstruct federal court orders in the 1950s and 1960s to desegregate the states public schools. He died in Berryville, Virginia, 20 October 1966.

Scope and Content

Governor Harry F. Byrd Executive Papers, 1926-1930 (bulk 1922-1926), are organized into two series. Series have been designated for I. Subject Files; and Series II: Pardons, Requisitions, and Prison Affairs. These papers mainly consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence during Harry F. Byrd's four-year term as governor between 1 February 1926 and 1 February 1930. The largest and most significant series is the Subject Files Series. This series provides an in-depth look into the major concerns confronting Byrd as governor. The Pardons, Requisitions, and Prison Affairs Series includes applications, correspondence, extraditions, pardons and requisitions.

Byrd's term as governor is best remembered for its "business progressivism." He was a businessman who wanted a businesslike government. Relying on his experience in politics and business, he reorganized state government and centralized executive authority. He abolished many state agencies, consolidated all others into eleven departments, and instituted a new accounting system. Finally, he revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state. [Encyclopedia Virginia]

Arrangement

This collection is arranged into the following series:

Series I. Subject Files, 1926-1930 Series II: Pardons, Requisitions, and Prison Affairs, 1926-1930

Contents List

Series I: Subject files , 1926-1930 .
Boxes Boxes 1-105, 141
Extent: 37.35 cu. ft. (106 boxes).

The Subject files series, 1926-1930 is housed in one hundred and six archival boxes and is arranged alphabetically by subject. This series documents correspondence received and sent by Governor Byrd during his four-year term as governor of Virginia. In addition to correspondence, there are reports, proclamations, telegrams, orders, resolutions, acts, publications, news clippings, invitations, proceedings, financial statements, invoices, and other sundry items. Topics include Aviation and establishment of the Airport Commission, Celebration of the 150th anniversary of the Virginia Bill of Rights, Chamber of Commerce, pensions for Confederate veterans, Forfeited cars used for transporting illegal alcohol, Gas taxes and prices, Eastern State Hospital, the Jefferson memorial and centennial celebration, building of a statue for Robert E. Lee, letters encouraging residents from other states to immigrate to Virginia, Motion picture censorship, Motor Vehicle Commission, the Oysters and shellfish industry, State Board of Education, Virginia Commission for the Blind, Virginia Industrial School for Colored Girls, among others. Also included are appointments to various boards such as the American Mining Congress, Commission of Fisheries, Forest wardens, Judges, Labor Commissioners, National Tax Association Congress, Superintendents of Public Schools, State Port Authority, U.S. Good Roads Association, and appointments to West Point.

Included are papers relating to the Constitutional Amendments Commission and Byrd's efforts to push through constitutional amendments that streamlined the state government and allowed for more efficient use of tax dollars. He wanted to establish a separation of tax sources for state and localities and worked with the General Assembly to approve a gas tax increase. Governor Byrd also advocated building roads to state shrines such as Jamestown and Monticello and called for historical markers along roadways. Also included is information on renovations to the Governor's mansion, racial listings in the census, annual reports of directors of the Indians Rights Association, invitations to numerous events, and the establishment of the Virginia Division of Motor Vehicles, license testing requirements, and vehicle safety inspections. Also included are financial reports and minutes from several state boards including the State Board of Education and the State Board of Pharmacy.

Of note are the papers relating to the State Commission of Conservation and Development and the creation of Shenandoah National Park. Included are minutes from the commission, letters regarding billboards on highways blocking scenery, letters of support for the National Park from politicians and citizens, maps of the proposed park, and brochures. Also included is correspondence with John D. Rockefeller regarding the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg.

Of note are the papers relating to lynchings in Virginia and Governor's Byrd efforts to have one of the toughest anti-lynching laws in the country. Included is correspondence with Louis Isaac Jaffee (1888-1950), who won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing in 1929 for his editorial, "An unspeakable act of savagery," in the Norfolk Virginian Pilot. There are also letters relating to a lynching in Wytheville, Virginia, and the appointment of a special prosecutor for the case. While Governor Byrd may have opposed lynchings, he was also opposed to racial desegregation of the public schools and lead a campaign in the 1950s opposed to the U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Brown vs. Board of Education. The Massive Resistance campaign occurred while Byrd was senator and as such, not much is included related to school segregation in his Governor's executive papers.

This series was maintained in its original order and is not completely chronological. At some point the pins holding together the incoming and outgoing letters were removed and the archivist did not rearrange the folder items for fear of loosing the relationships between the incoming and outgoing letters.

Arranged alphabetically by folder title.

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Series II: Pardons, Requisitions, and Prison Affairs , 1926-1930 .
Boxes Boxes 106-140, 142
Extent: 15.95 cu. ft. (37 boxes)

The Pardons, Requisitions, and Prison Affairs series, 1926-1930, is housed in 37 archival boxes and is arranged into three subseries. Subseries have been designated for A. Pardons; B. Requisitions, and C. Prison Affairs. Included are arrest warrants, correspondence, court orders, extradition requisitions, pardon applications, petitions, prison records, telegrams, and newspaper clippings. Subseries A: Pardons is arranged alphabetically by last name and includes letters from family members asking for pardons of relatives; letters from prisoners asking for pardons; letters from politicians on behalf of prisoners; and petitions asking for pardons of prisoners. The records include the name of prisoner, date committed, age, occupation, court, crime, and term information.

Subseries B: Requisitions, is arranged alphabetically by last name and includes correspondence, telegrams, and extradition requisitions to and from Virginia. Subseries C: Prison Affairs includes correspondence from prisoners regarding their cases and correspondence relating to the State Board of Public Welfare, mostly relating to the welfare of children and children that were placed in Industrial Schools and reform schools.

Arranged into three subseries : Subseries A: Pardons, Subseries B: Requisitions, and Subseries C: Prison Affairs.

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