Violet McDougall Pollard papers Guide to the Violet McDougall Pollard papers 01/Mss. 74 P76

Guide to the Violet McDougall Pollard papers 01/Mss. 74 P76


[logo]

Special Collections Research Center

William & Mary Special Collections Research Center
Earl Gregg Swem Library
400 Landrum Dr
Williamsburg, Virginia
Business Number: 757-221-3090
spcoll@wm.edu
URL: https://libraries.wm.edu/libraries-spaces/special-collections

Special Collections Staff.

Repository
Special Collections Research Center
Identification
01/Mss. 74 P76
Title
Violet McDougall Pollard papers 1907-1976 1933-1968
Quantity
46.00 Linear Feet, 46 boxes.
Creator
Pollard, Violet McDougall, 1889-1977
Language
English

Administrative Information

Conditions Governing Use:

Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.

Conditions Governing Access:

Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.

Collection is stored off-site. Please allow a minimum of 3 business days for retrieval.

Preferred Citation:

Violet McDougall Pollard Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.

Acquisition Information:

Gift


Biographical / Historical

Violet Elizabeth McDougall was born on 17 July 1889, at Maxville, Ontario, Canada, daughter of Peter and Ellen (Robertson) McDougall. She attended Cornwall Normal School of Ontario and was a teacher in Ontario and Saskatchewan, 1910-1912. She then attended Regina College at Saskatchewan for a year, and was secretary in a law office from 1913-1917. She came to the United States in 1917 and was offered a position as secretary in the Virginia governor's office in 1918. She was executive secretary to four successive governors of Virginia between 1918 and 1933: Westmoreland Davis, E. Lee Trinkle, Harry F. Byrd, and John Garland Pollard. She was known affectionately as "Miss Mac" to her many friends.

On 31 July 1933, she married Governor Pollard, whose first wife had died in 1932. After his term in office ended in 1934, the couple moved to Washington, D.C., where he served as Chairman of the Board of Veterans Appeals and she attended law school at George Washington University. Upon John Garland Pollard's death in 1937, she returned to Richmond and attended law school at the University of Richmond. She went back to Washington from 1938 to 1940, to work as secretary to the Assistant Administrator of the United States Housing Authority.

In 1940 Violet McDougall Pollard returned again to Richmond to join the staff of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, which John Garland Pollard had been instrumental in creating. During World War II, the museum's director left to join the Marines, and she served as co-director (in charge of business affairs) with Beatrice von Keller (in charge of art). After the war, she was the museum's associate director until her retirement in 1956. She continued her association with the museum through museum advisory committees and through her position on the board of the Federated Arts Council of Richmond until about 1971.

Long interested in politics and maintaining a wide circle of friends in Virginia political circles from her years on the governor's staff, Violet McDougall Pollard became active in the Democratic Party after becoming a naturalized citizen in 1934. She was a delegate to every national Democratic convention from 1936 to 1968, serving on the platform committee in 1952, 1956, 1960, and 1964. She was elected National Committeewoman for Virginia in 1940, a position she held until 1968. As National Committeewoman, she was deeply involved with Democratic Party activities on the state and local levels as well.

Violet McDougall Pollard was involved with a host of state and civic organizations and causes, including the Recreation Committee of the Advisory Council on the Virginia Economy and the Inter-Agency Committee on Recreation; the Associated Clubs of Virginia for Roadside Development; the Industrial Committee of the Virginia State Chamber of Commerce; the Federated Arts Council of Richmond; the Historic Richmond Foundation; and the Woman's Club of Richmond.

She died at her home in Lancaster, Virginia, on 2 January 1977.

Scope and Contents

This collection is housed off-site. At least 72 hours advanced notice is required for retrieval.

The papers primarily focus on Violet McDougall Pollard's activities in politics and art. They also cover her many civic activities, and correspondence with family and friends.

Information on her political activities is found in the files she kept on National Politics, documenting her activities as an official in the Democratic Party; her files on State Politics, documenting her involvement with state Party activities and with organizations such as the Democratic Women's Clubs in Virginia; and throughout her correspondence files, in her letters with many prominent Virginia politicians such as Harry F. Byrd and John S. Battle. Virginia Democrats' increasing dissatisfaction with the national party as not representing the views of the Southern states on issues of civil rights and integration from the late 1940s through the 1960s is a major topic. The role of women in public affairs and politics is another frequent topic in Pollard's papers. In addition to direct discussion of women's roles, the papers document women's activities in the Democratic Party in a time when those activities were generally separate from, though complementary to, men's activities.

Pollard's involvement with art and art education in Virginia are reflected in her files on the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, which include a mixture of personal files, copies of official museum records, and literature produced by the museum; her files on the Federated Arts Council of Richmond and other subject files on arts issues; and in correspondence files under the names of artists and of museum staff and supporters.

Arrangement of Materials:

The arrangement of the papers follows Violet McDougall Pollard's filing order with a few exceptions. Subseries within the series reflect the labeled dividers in the original files. Her general files are in Series I, Correspondence and Subject Files, arranged alphabetically, in boxes 1-24. Speeches by Violet McDougall Pollard, and articles by or about her, are filed in Series I under "Speeches." Series II, Recreation Committee (boxes 25-26), and Series III, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts,(boxes 27-29), were at one time filed in the general sequence under R and V respectively, but have been pulled out into separate series due to their bulk. Series IV, Democratic Party, boxes 30-42, has two subseries, National Politics and Virginia Politics.

National Politics is arranged chronologically, with a small group ofsubject folders at the end. Virginia Politics includes State Politics (arranged chronologically), state subject folders, Democratic Woman's Club, and Young Democrats. Series V, Scrapbooks, in Boxes 43-46, contains scrapbooks of clippings and other bound volumes.

Researchers should note that particular correspondents or topics are often found in more than one place in the collection. For example, correspondence with and about a Virginia artist might be found under his or her name, in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts files, and in the files "Art Exhibitions – Virginia and Virginians" or "Artists' Christmas Cards." Correspondence with a particular Virginia politician might be found under his name, in the National Politics folders, in the State Politics folders, in the Democratic Woman's Club folder because of a speaking engagement, or in another politician's folder because of Pollard's habit of bundling together sequences of related correspondence among several people and filing them as a group.

Subjects and Indexing Terms


Significant Persons Associated With the Collection

Back to Top

Significant Places Associated With the Collection

Back to Top

Container List

id73068
Series 1: Correspondence and Subject Files
Scope and Contents

Arranged alphabetically. Files generally contain correspondence, publications, clippings, and events programs. There is considerable overlap of topics and correspondents between Series I and the other series in the collection. For art, see also Series III, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. For politicians, see also Series IV, Democratic Party, and other politicians' folders. Correspondence with members of Violet McDougall's family may be filed under the their names or under "Family." Correspondence with members of John Garland Pollard's family may be filed under their names or under "Pollard family."

Back to Top
id73069
Series 2: Recreation Committee
Scope and Contents

Mrs. John Garland Pollard served as Chairman of the Recreation Committee of the Advisory Council on the Virginia Economy, 1947-1956. The Advisory Council recommended that the state create an Inter-Agency Committee on Recreation, and Governor Battle did so in 1953. Pollard was unanimously elected chairman at its first meeting, and continued to serve as chairman until she retired from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts in 1956. She remained on the committee until 1962. The series contains published materials, meeting minutes, and some correspondence. It is divided into three subseries: the Advisory Council, its Recreation Committee, and the Interagency Committee.

Back to Top
id74687
Series 3: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts
Scope and Contents

The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts was the nation's first state art museum. John Garland Pollard was instrumental in its creation and in raising private funds to support it, during his tenure as governor of Virginia, 1930-1934. Upon leaving office he became the president of the museum board. The museum opened to the public in 1936. Violet McDougall Pollard was also interested in the museum, and in 1940 she became Museum Secretary for Membership, and was also in charge of the Extension Division. She soon became the museum's business manager, then co-director for business affairs during the director's absence due to World War II. She was Associate Director until retiring in 1956. After retirement, she continued her association with the museum through various committees, especially in the areas of membership and art education. The series contains correspondence, memos, minutes, and literature about various aspects of the museum's operations, reflecting Violet McDougall Pollard's activities though it is not a complete set of records. Most of the folders are arranged chronologically, but her committee work on art education fellowships is in folders 28:4-5. Museum-related publications are at the end of the series. Additional materials on the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and its programs may be found in Series I, under correspondence folders with artists and museum officials, under various subject folders, and under Federated Arts Council of Richmond.

Back to Top
id74712
Series 4: Democratic Party
Scope and Contents

Violet McDougall Pollard was Virginia's Democratic National Committeewoman from 1940-1968. She was a delegate to every Democratic national convention from 1936-1968, and served on the platform committee at the 1952, 1956, 1960, and 1964 conventions. The Democratic Party series reflects her party activities in two subseries, National Politics and Virginia Politics. There is considerable overlap of topics between the subseries; National Politics also includes information on state campaigns and fund-raising, while the State Politics folders often include Virginians' views on national matters. The series as a whole documents women's activities and networking in the Democratic Party at the national, state, and local levels.   The National Politics subseries is arranged chronologically, with a small group of subject folders at the end. (Note that items may be filed in folders from later years because of Pollard's habit of bundling together sequences of related correspondence and filing them as a group). The materials are primarily publications and correspondence that were sent out to all national committeewomen. Personal correspondence in the subseries is often not substantive, consisting of "It was so nice to see you," or "I won't be able to attend but please assign my proxy to ------." The subseries provides a good picture of official party activities for women, and documents Pollard's networking with other Democratic women, but not a comprehensive view of opinions and policymaking within the party. The Democratic National Committeman for Virginia for many years was E. R. Combs of Richmond. Since he and Pollard both lived in the same city, there is no correspondence between them, although there are indications that they worked very closely together. In 1948, G. Fred Switzer of Harrisonburg became Virginia's Committeeman, and he and Pollard corresponded frequently and exchanged copies of their correspondence with other Virginia Democrats as well. The files after 1948 thus contain more discussion of issues and comments on Party officials. A major topic in the subseries is Virginia Democrats' dissatisfaction with the national leadership over the issues of civil rights and integration. Substantive correspondence has been particularly noted in the folder descriptions. Additional correspondence on national activities and issues can be found in the Virginia Politics subseries, and in the folders of individual correspondents in Series I.   The Virginia Politics subseries is grouped into State Politics (arranged chronologically), state subject folders, Democratic Woman's Club of Richmond (arranged chronologically), and some material on Young Democrats. Like the National Politics subseries, the Virginia Politics subseries contains publications and official mailings concerning party activities for women. However, the State Politics folders have a much higher proportion of substantive, personal correspondence to official mass mailings than do the National Politics folders. Pollard's correspondence with other Virginia women contain comments on events and issues much more frequently than her friendly notes to and from Democratic women outside the state. The Democratic Woman's Club files document women's activities at the local level, in Richmond.

Back to Top
id75059
Series 5: Scrapbooks
Scope and Contents

Scrapbooks of clippings. Other bound volumes such as 1933 list of wedding presents.

Back to Top