Conditions Governing Use

Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.

Conditions Governing Access

The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.

Content Description

Three caricature postcards depicting African Americans with stereotypical features and promoting racist views of African Americans, copyrighted 1913 and published by S. Bergman, New York. One postcard depicting a group of African American singers with one elderly gentleman shown sleeping in the front row, copyrighted 1897 and published by Knaffl and Brothers, Knoxville, Tennessee. And a postcard of soldiers lined up for dress parade at the Normal Institute in Hampton, Virginia, published by Louis Kaufmann and sons, Baltimore, Maryland.

Subjects and Indexing Terms

• African Americans in popular culture
• African Americans--History--19th century